Should the minimum age for alcohol consumption in India be reduced Free Essays

Dear Honorable Prime Minister Australia call it 18, Canada call it 18, Argentina call it 18. Why not India? I am writing to you to express the views of many Indian citizens under the age of twenty-five as the new law implemented by your government declares that the public consumption of alcohol by anyone under the age of twenty-five is illegal. If young adults in India at the age of eighteen are entrusted with the right to take a bullet for the country; the right to vote for whom they believe should be a potential leader of a billion people; the right to choose their life partners, why shouldn’t they be allowed to buy and consume alcohol in their social environment? Your government claims that the new legislation has been implemented because young adults are not responsible enough, and that keeping them away from alcohol at this tender age will help them lead a better life. We will write a custom essay sample on Should the minimum age for alcohol consumption in India be reduced? or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the eyes of your government young men aged 18 must be kept aloof from the temptation of alcohol. But should not the statesmen of our country remember that the forbidden fruit looked sweeter and more luscious to our mother Eve only because it was forbidden? Your government should take a precept from what happened in America in 1919 when the 18th amendment to the U.S. constitution implemented such a ban. Quoting S. B. Duke and A. C. Gross (1993), â€Å"if consumption of alcohol was reduced, it wasn’t by much; the costs of enforcement, in money, corruption, crime, disrespect for the law, alcohol and related poisonings far exceeded, by virtually anyone’s measurements, the tiny gains in alcohol control.†1 in my opinion such a measure is only going to boost the sales of alcohol. What happened in Gujarat is evident. The state with a prohibition saw an upsurge of alcoholism, and the climax came when hundreds of people died after consuming poisoned liquor in 2009. Thus prohibition does not serve anything. Old dogs can indeed learn new tricks. Law experts like advocate Swapnil Kothari said that the age restriction is â€Å"ludicrous, arbitrary and suffers from a vague interpretation of wisdom of youth†. 2 And so far being responsible is concerned I believe that responsibility comes with experience, realization, and social maturity, not just age. Legend has it that force hardly succeeds in giving desired results. It would be foolish to deny that India with its vast population of 1.15 billion, accounting for 17.31% of the world’s population, has, unfortunately, been witness to an increasing alcohol-related death rate per year. However, enacting a law where young people of age 18 can be imprisoned for ‘chugging’ a glass of beer, or ‘downing’ a shot of vodka in a pub is hypocritical because at the same age, here in India people are allowed to start their own enterprises, which include permission to open a club or bar, and work in them. If young adults, as bartenders are allowed to twirl vodka and whiskey bottles in fancy clubs, serve people alcohol all night, but not allowed to take a small sip of what they are serving, is that not hypocritical? If denied permission to drink in public, young adults under the age of twenty-five will not only perceive alcohol to be a â€Å"forbidden fruit†, but also be eager to bite into this â€Å"forbidden fruit†, as they want to see what has been kept away from them. This eagerness may lead young adults into committing serious criminal offences, they may buy fake licenses, or bribe bartenders as well as police! Do we really want the youth of India to indulge in such criminal acts, just for alcohol? A wide consideration should be given to the impact of this restriction on the 18 year olds when they start drinking stealthily to escape the consequences of being caught. Won’t this sneaking out be detrimental to their behavior and morale? In a country where so many rapists are not convicted; killers are not sentenced; jails are jam-packed and murderers are left scot- free, do you really think putting them into jail for such a relatively mediocre crime is an appropriate judgment? It is important for young adults to be familiar with their limitations but by rising the age limit so high does nothing but trigger the curiosity, inquisitiveness and craving for this â€Å"forbidden fruit†. We know young adults drink alcohol anyway, but what is your government doing to help them out? How are you controlling young adults from turning up highly intoxicated to parties? If your government fears excessive drinking at the age of 18, why is no support being provided? What your government can do is install CCTVs in liquor stores, and make harsher punishments for alcohol vendors for serving alcohol to young adults of age 18. According to your government an 18 year old can get married, in that case would the marriage get raided as the couple picks up a glass of champagne to celebrate? Why are 18 year olds barely allowed to their right to freedom of choice and responsibility of their own body and mind? When an 18-year-old woman has the right to marry and beget a child, what stops her from taking a sip of liquor to enjoy the first birthday of her child? Does not the age restriction look absurd in such a case? It is time the politicians understood that prohibition, unless backed by strong and relevant data, does not serve any end; sometimes the reverse may just occur. 1. http://www.albany.edu/~wm731882/18th_amendment_final.html 2. articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com †º Collections †º Alcohol How to cite Should the minimum age for alcohol consumption in India be reduced?, Papers

Case Study about Evolution and Situation Analysis Of A Dove Brand

Introduction Dove has established itself as the dominant player of the market from 2007 onwards. Dove has proved itself as different and strong brand of Unilever as it provides sales worth $2.5 bollion in a year. Dove initially was known as the cleansing brand and offers a wide range of products including face care, body washes, deodorant hair care, bar and anti-perspirants. The report is written on the basis of the case study named, Dove: The evolution of a brand. The report represents the situation analysis for the case study and also highlights the critical issues mentioned in the case study. The report analyses the critical issues which are related to the case study and after analysing the issues the report would provide a clear recommendations for the future issues (Deighton, 2008). Situation Analysis Dove was introduced first in the market of USA as a beauty bar which was launched in the year of 1957. While starting its journey in the USA market the brand positioned itself as the cleanser not as soap. In all its advertisements the brand claimed that woman should use Dove because it does not contain any harmful element of soap which makes the skin dry. Mainly, the functional attribute of the brand was being proposed by the brand by saying that one quarter of the entire bar is cleansing cream. Later, on the brand management of Dove realized that too make it big the company should not restrict itself by talking about the functional aspects of a brand. To make it big and sustainable the brand evaluated that it should be linked with the feminine aspects and thus to create a close association with woman the brand worldwide had introduced the campaign the real beauty. The objective of the brand is to create a unique proposition in the mind of the woman that beauty is an inner characteri stics and self-esteem is a major element to discover womans own beauty (Carter Steiner, 2004). Identification, Recognition and justification of the related critical issues The critical issues which are mentioned over the case study or are identified from the case study can be discussed in the form of SWOT analysis. Strength: The strength of the brand is the connection with the feminine aspects and the positioning strategy of the brand. Dove is different from others as it does not claim itself as a soap rather it is focused on the woman care aspects. The campaigns introduced by Dove has emphasised on evaluating the definition of real beauty. The campaigns throughput the world has forced everyone including the men to think about twice regarding the definition of beauty. Dove has not put much effort in pushing their products but it emphasises rather on creating self-esteem among the woman which indirectly enhances the brand image of the brand. Weakness: Dove is not able to create its footstep in the men segment which can be treated as one of its weakness. The expenses of the campaigns are too high and the criticisms of the campaigns can affect Dove negatively. Opportunity: In the changing social scenario, the demand for personal care products both in the men and in the women segment have been increased to a large extent and increasing the product line in the men segment can be another opportunity for Dove for expanding its market. The product line can also include the teenage woman customers (Deighton, 2008). Threat: The criticisms that rise due to the arrangement of the campaigns and the advertisements can harm the brand image of Dove. The beauty which has been demonstrated over different campaigns are not related with the standard idea of real beauty which exists in the market. Analysis of the major issues The missions of Dove through implementing various campaigns are to promote the concept of beauty. The major issue related to the beauty campaign is that beauty comes from various aspects with different types of sizes and shapes. The campaigns of Dove have proved that the advertisements and branding together can work in a better way for doing well. The campaigns of Dove are nothing but the opinions and insights of the consumers about beauty. The positioning of Dove initially was the cleaning cream and later on it added the moisturizing element in it. Dove has emphasised on the campaign because it is a well-known phenomenon that for building a brand it is important to depend on the opinion and insights of the customers. The customer-based brand equity model can be used to describe how Dove has successfully used the perception around the brand to develop the strong equity. The model comprises four different stage and those are Brand identity which refers to the question Who you are, Mea ning of the brand which asks what are you, response of the brand which refers the perception about the brand and Brand Resonance which refers to the association of the customers with the brand. From its introduction in the year of 1950, Dove has demonstrated its brand equity by saying that they are not the soaps category because, it does not harm the softness of the skin rather it claims that it is one kind of cleansing cream (Carter Steiner, 2004). Later on while explaining the meaning of the brand Dove has used the proposition moisturizing and expresses itself as the moisturizing creamy bar. Third one is the brand response which it gathers through the arrangement of the campaigns throughout the world. The real beauty campaign arranged by Dove is the most famous and discussed campaign for woman throughout the world. The campaigns result in a way that it is proved that Dove is the most preferable brand by the woman segment. Fourth one is the Brand Resonance which helps to understan d the connection among the brand and the consumers. The campaigns have discussed various aspects of the woman self-esteem. The self-esteem of the woman can help to grow the beauty among the woman. The real beauty campaign developed by Dove has made a new evolution by defining the beauty in a new dimension. The survey conducted by Dove has shown that only 2% woman of the world perceives themselves as beautiful but advertisements and campaigns arranged by Dove have delivered the slogan that Woman are more beautiful than that they think of. Without directly promoting the brand name or without pushing the products in front of the customers the company has simply send a message of social responsibility. Dove has sent the slogan that the beauty can be achieved by introducing self-esteem among the woman and the society should change its viewpoint about the beauty (Yang, 2010). Dove is different because it has introduced a different concept in advertise its product which is distinct from di rectly asking about the utilitarian results. Dove has incorporated the expressions of human values and creates a connection with others. The connection or the association which has been developed by Dove is very strong and capable enough to increase the brand loyalty of the woman. The woman who purchases the product of Dove feels the association as they also thinks in the same way like Dove that the society should change its point of view regarding beauty and the inner side and the self esteem of the woman should taken into while considering beauty (Manca and 1994). Recommendations and discussions of the future issues 450 Portraying the old aged and fat woman in the campaigns frequently can affect the brand image of the company as people can perceive it as a brand of fat. For, many of the critics the advertisements in the campaign have just represented the woman in underwear around their houses which has created a wrong impact in the mind of the consumers. The campaigns have focused on the feminine aspects to a large extent but the campaigns do not talk much about the products and branding of Dove (Deighton, 2008). Focusing more on the societal issues rather on the products and services of the company can dilute the future sales of the brand. Time to time a brand needs to refocus on its advertisement strategy and Dove is not different from it. The self-esteem idea should be separated from the products of Dove. If the consumers perceive that the authenticity of the campaigns are not confirmed then the entire campaign can be affected to a large extent. The real consumers should be involved for providing their insights especially for the product usage of the particular brand. The women segment should be connected with the different products so that, the sales of several product variants and categories can be improved to a large extent. The definition of beauty should be linked with Dove in different ways by asking the woman customers regarding how beautiful they are looking like after using the product of Dove(Deighton, 2008). The already established association with the brand and the customers can be used by introducing the product aspect of Dove. The future campaigns should focus on how the usage of the products of Dove can enhance the beauty of the woman. The feminine aspects which have been demonstrated through the campaigns have made the brand overpowered in nature as the control in the campaigns have been loosen by Dove and the campaigns are introducing unnecessary criticisms in the society. The strong feminine aspects also hamper the wish of Dove to grab the men personal car e market. The personal care market for the men segment has been increased to a large extent and Dove should not leave the opportunity to penetrate that market (Deighton, 2008). Conclusion Dove initially emphasised on the functional aspects of the product by saying that it is a cleansing cream which contains one fourth of the moisturizing. Later on, Dove shifted its positioning from the functional benefit attribute to feel good attribute. Dove established various campaigns which promoted the feel good factor not the functionality of the product. To prove the authenticity of the campaign Dove uses elderly and obese models for the purpose of conveying the message. Dove also uses the digital media for demonstrating the films in U-tube to show how the perception of beauty varies. The films have demonstrated that a woman always perceive herself less beautiful than actually she is. All these campaigns have promoted the self-esteem of the woman and the campaigns are able to create strong emotional bonding with the woman segment. This is how the brand establishes and creates its own footprint in the market (Deighton, 2008). Reference Davis, H. (2004), Understanding Stuart Hall, pages 60-163. London: SAGE Publications. Gross, L. (1995),Gender, race and class in media. A text-reader, pages 61-70 Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. Manca, A and L. (1994), Gender Utopia in Advertising, A Critical Reader. Illinois: Procopian Press. Carter, C Steiner, L. (2004).Mapping the contested terrain of media and gender research, Critical readings: Media and gender,pages 11-35.Maidenhead: Open University Press Yang, J. (2010). Beer brand knowledge and its effects in brand preference and brand loyalty. 1st ed. Deighton, J. (2008). Dove: The evolution of a brand. 1st ed. [ebook] Harvard Business Scool.

Essay On Colonies Essays - Thirteen Colonies, New England Colonies

Essay On Colonies Essay on Colonies The New England and Southern Colonies were both settled largely by the English. By 1700, the regions had evolved into two distinct societies. The southern colonies have characteristics that are the antithesis of the New England colonies attributes. New England was colonized for Freedom of Worship and freedom of political thought. The Southern colonies were developed for freedom of economic opportunity. The New England colonies had aspirations for a distinct society, where they could show their homeland, how a country should be run. The southern colonies had goals for mercantilism, and increasing the prosperity of England. The New England colonies were based on theocracy, where the state forced the people to live and worship in an orthodox way. The southern colonies(Virginia) had a government based on a royal government, where the state was governed by a governor and council named by the king, and an elected assembly chosen by the people. Finally, the New England colonies wanted to establish the colony for religious motives, while the southern colonies were established for economic motives. England and the rebels of England (Pilgrims), made up the New England and southern colonies. God Almighty in his most holy and wise providence hath so disposed of the condition of mankind, in all times some must be rich, some poor, some high and eminent in power and dignity, other mean and in subjection. Yet we must be knit together in this work as one man.(John Winthrop, A Model of Christian Charity) This statement by John Winthrop, demonstrates importance of religion in the lives of the New England settlers. We must delight in each other, make others' conditions our own, rejoice together, mourn together, labor and suffer together, always having before our eyes our commission and community in the work, our community as members of the same body. (John Winthrop, A Model of Christian Charity). The use of the word together and community indicates that the New England settlers were of a communal nature, they were less individualistic than the southern colonies. The New England colonies were based on religious freedom, thus their society was reflected the religion. These underwritten names are to be transported to Virginia, embarked in the Merchant's Hope, Hugh Weston, Master, per examination by the minister of Gravesend touching upon their conformity to the Church discipline of England, and have taken oaths of allegiance and supremacy: (Ship's List of Emigrants Bound for Virginia). The use of the word Master, shows, that the southern colonies were more of a individualistic state rather than a communal state(New England). This individualism was the effect of the motivation of the southern colonies for economic opportunity. We whose names are underwritten, being by God's providnce engaged together to make a plantation.... (Articles of Agreement). The New England settlers, again were of a communal nature, in how they are binding together for the good of the community. We intend by God's grace, as soon as we can with all convenient speed, to procure some Godly and faithful minster with whom we purpose to join in church covenant to walk in the ways of Christ.(Articles of Agreement). The statement above, shows how the minister, was the head of the theocracy, of the small communities. Furthermore, the Articles of Agreement, demonstates the importance of sharing within the community. This article, was another product of the motivation of the New England settlers for religious freedom. This court... in the interim recommends [that] all tradesmen and laborers consider the religious end of their callings.... The puritans believed everyone had a specific duty in life, something that one was proficient at. Almost all the mores and society itself radiated from religion, as a result, many people who couldn't endure the rigidity of such a society were exiled and the dissenters created new societies. The worst[among us were the gold seekers who]with their golden promises made all men their slaves in hope of recompenses. There was no talk... but dig gold, wash gold, refine gold, load gold.. (Captain John Smith, History of Virginia). The southern colonists were a people who settled in the southern colonies for econmic motives. The people were more materialistic, and individualistic, thus greed prevailed. Conversely, the New England settlers were of a spiritual nature, and were dispassionate in materialistic matters. The drive of the southern colonists were toward economic prosperity. For by our nearest computation we leave at our backs as many servants(besides Negroes) as there are friedman to defend the shores and all our frontiers [against] the Indians....[This] gives men fearful apprehensions of the danger they leave their estates and families in, while they are drawn

Stem cells research essays

Stem cells research essays Stem-cell research may sound like the miraculous medical breakthrough of our time because it might hold a cure for many serious illnesses like MS and Parkinsons. However, there is a great deal of controversy involving this topic. The sources of these cells scientists are most interested in are spare embryos created in fertility clinics. These embryos become available when they are deemed unsuitable for transplantation into the womb. Another common source scientists have gone to for stem cells are the gonads of aborted fetuses (Bettelheim 1067). However, aborted fetuses and days old embryos are not the only sources of stem cells; this is where much of the debate starts. Stem cells can also be found in the adult human body-in places such as the brain, bone marrow, and some muscle tissues. Recently, scientists have even found retinal stem cells. The battle as to whether or not to fund stem cell research is divided between medical researchers and patient advocates on one side and Christ ian fundamentalists and pro-life advocates on the other. While the scientific community and patient advocates are in favor of embryonic stem cell research, Christian fundamentalists and pro-life advocates feel testing/funding should only be done using adult stem cells. According to the two sides of the issue, embryonic and adult stem cells both have their respective pros and cons. Most, including the National Institute of Health (NIH), hold that embryonic stem cell research is the more promising of the two fields. This is first because embryos are the most readily available source for stem cells. Secondly, scientists have found that embryonic stem cells are easier to work with because they are capable of changing into different types of cells (pluripotent) and able to proliferate indefinitely under laboratory conditions. Moreover, there are over 16,000 embryos created in fertility clinics every year-and the majority of these only ever make it int...

(1) Is Inequality inevitable (2) From Karl Marx', Max WEBER', Vilfredo Assignment

(1) Is Inequality inevitable (2) From Karl Marx', Max WEBER', Vilfredo Paretto',and Emile Durkhein' theories,discuss the explanations which are characterizing social class and stratification - Assignment Example sidering the overall differences in the social class, wealth, social status, religion as well as gender and color are some of the key variables making inequality an inevitable thing within any society. Social stratification is a concept outlining the ranking of people or group of people within society. Social stratification and inequality therefore is considered as one of the oldest concepts as societies, over the period of time, clearly categorized their citizens based on certain standards and criteria. Various scholars have therefore attempted to understand the phenomenon of inequality and outlined the social and economic characteristics of inequality. The work of Karl Marx, Max Weber, Vilfredo Paretto, and Emile Durkheim is considered as the major works to outline social stratification and inequality. These scholars therefore outlined and explored the idea of whether inequality is inherent within societies and how societies can progress to achieve equality. Social stratification is considered as the central part of the human organization and the earliest writings on the subject too outline this concept. Aristotle even discussed about the natural ranking of the free and slave people. Even during the age of enlightenment, major philosophers of that time such as Locke and Rousseau discussed about how feudal system within the European society at that time produced social stratification and inequalities. (KERBO) The word stratification has a root of Strata which naturally refers to the ranking of people or group of people within a given population. It is however, critical to understand that social stratification not just signifies the universal inequalities however; It also outlines some legitimation behind the inequalities existing within the societies. Many scholars therefore suggested that the social stratification is a system with predictable rules behind it which consciously rank people according to different criteria. It is also argued that without a

The Contemporaty Middle East is the class The paper is the development Essay

The Contemporaty Middle East is the class The paper is the development of Israel and Palestine - Essay Example However, the wider aspect of the demarcations in monetary matters remains, to a magnanimous extent, an overt situation (Silverburg 16). For instance, during last year in the globalization context, the new tend of the debate was acknowledged between the Nobel Prize winner in monetary issues who staged for cautioning the eradication of economic borders worldwide. However, his opponents represented the opposite notion in their purported Washington consensus. Observably, with regard to the Israeli-Palestinian clash, and most notably throughout the 90’s arbitrations, the diverse positions on the merits and demerits of the monetary or economic demarcations served an overtly consummate role. Moreover, the being of the Oslo process, which was primarily, based on momentary and gradualism plans, called off the issue of the demarcations, inclusive of the monetary ones, to a later time. Additionally, this was nevertheless an oversight but more of a part and parcel of what made the Oslo process executable in the eyes of its designers, a component with ambiguity. Moreover, the Shahar committee, nominated by the Rabin’s administration in February 1993, in preparation of monetary negotiations with the Palestinians, found its recommendations on the presupposition a demarcation, inclusive of an economic one, would not possibly subsist between the sides in the course of an interim level (Silverburg 9). Thus, this presupposition, founded and motivated by political aspects and purportedly by a prospect of a lasting monetary integration, dictated most of the committee’s conclusions and led, in April 1994, to the effective affirmation of the Protocol surrounding monetary relations among the administration of the nations and the PLO, which resultantly represented the Palestinian inhabitants, better referred to as the Protocol of Paris. One of the exhilarating aspects of the Paris Protocol (PP) is its close congruence to the arrangements that the

Does art appreciation ultimately exist because of reproductions Essay

Does art appreciation ultimately exist because of reproductions - Essay Example Commerce and commercial art are around us all the time. They change how we perceive the world. Art and the quantity of images we see influence what we accept as ‘trendy’. The more we see it, the more we want it. Berger writes that â€Å"It is true that in publicity one brand of manufacture, one firm competes with another; but it is also true that every publicity image confirms and enhances every other.† The importance of this on the individual’s psyche is exactly what is discussed in debates about the media’s impact on society, for example, that violent videogames turn schoolchildren into school-shooters, or that teenagers in pop videos will cause an influx of thirteen year olds to try to head out the front door and onto the school bus wearing tube tops. Images change behavior. We do and act like the things we’ve seen, we do what we hope to become and to look like. To break down the analogy, let me explain Berger’s phrase Every public image confirms every other. Every violent image or screen on a video game not only competes with the shock-value of other violent video games. But more significantly, it confirms the idea that these images are acceptable stimuli and that they belong in our daily environment. The child who plays violent videogames becomes anesthetized to seeing violence, becoming enraptured in violent events, body-dropping the store owner, shooting down everyone in their way to a goal, etc. Parents of young children live in the same world of public images. They pass by stands these videogames of at Radio Shack and Best Buy. The continuation of these games on the shelves of warehouse stores confirms their integrity as entertainment, whether or not violent video games merit that integrity. Even before parents have children to raise and protect from hostile influences, the parents accept the presence of violent images in society as something unavoidable. They have been equally unable to avoid those images.